Understanding Medication-Assisted Treatment (MAT) for Opioid Use Disorder

Medication-assisted treatment (MAT) represents a pivotal approach in the fight against opioid use disorder (OUD). By combining medication with behavioral therapies, the treatment offers a comprehensive strategy to address the complex nature of opioid addiction. This integrated approach helps manage the physical aspects of withdrawal and supports psychological recovery, significantly improving the chances of long-term success.

This article discusses how MAT works, explaining its benefits for individuals with OUD. We’ll also take a closer look at Suboxone, a specific medication used in the treatment, addressing recent concerns about its potential side effects.

What is OUD and Why is Treatment Important?

OUD is a chronic brain disease characterized by uncontrollable use of opioids despite harmful consequences. This can include prescription pain medication like oxycodone or heroin. People with OUD experience intense cravings, and difficulty stopping use, and may engage in risky behaviors to obtain the drug.

The global opioid epidemic is a serious public health concern. According to the World Health Organization, millions worldwide use opioids, with devastating consequences. The number of opioid overdoses is rising due to increased availability of both prescribed and illicit opioids. 

In the United States alone, overdose deaths involving synthetic opioids skyrocketed by over 1000% between 2013 and 2019. The COVID-19 pandemic further worsened the crisis.

While overcoming any addiction requires commitment, OUD is a complex disease where willpower alone is often insufficient. 

This is because opioids alter brain chemistry, creating powerful cravings and withdrawal symptoms. 

What are the three main types of opioids?

The three main types of opioids are natural opiates (e.g., morphine, codeine), semi-synthetic/humanmade opioids (e.g., oxycodone, hydrocodone), and fully synthetic/humanmade opioids (e.g., fentanyl, methadone). These categories include substances like heroin, oxymorphone, buprenorphine, and fentanyl.

What is MAT?

MAT is a comprehensive approach to treating OUD. The treatment reduces withdrawal symptoms, cravings, and the risk of relapse while supporting recovery and improving quality of life.

According to the CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention), in 2022, 4% of U.S. adults needed treatment for OUD. Although more than half of these individuals received care, about 30% were enrolled in programs that did not include MAT. Notably, only a quarter of Americans with OUD received MAT in 2022, highlighting the need for broader access to this effective treatment modality.

Three main FDA-approved medications for the treatment include methadone, buprenorphine, and naltrexone. MAT is widely regarded as the gold standard for treating OUD due to its efficacy in managing symptoms and supporting long-term recovery.

What are the benefits of MAT?

MAT offers several benefits, including reduced withdrawal symptoms and cravings, decreased risk of relapse, and enhanced overall recovery outcomes. It also helps reduce the risk of overdose and supports individuals in achieving long-term sobriety while addressing underlying issues.

The Role of Suboxone in MAT

Suboxone is a widely used buprenorphine-based medication for treating OUD. This medication contains two main ingredients: buprenorphine, which helps reduce withdrawal symptoms from opioids, and naloxone, which blocks the effects of opioids.

Suboxone is available in several forms: sublingual tablets, which dissolve under the tongue, and sublingual or buccal films, which dissolve between the gum and cheek. This variety of administration options helps patients adhere to their treatment regimen.

Suboxone is effective in deterring substance abuse, contributing to its role as a key component of MAT for OUD.

What are the negative side effects of Suboxone?

Negative side effects of Suboxone can include dry mouth, constipation, nausea, headaches, and potential dental issues such as tooth decay. Long-term use may impact oral health and increase the risk of dental problems.

Suboxone and Dental Health

Suboxone has been linked to various dental health issues, including tooth decay and other oral problems. Reports and studies suggest that the medication users may experience significant dental challenges due to its side effects. 

TruLaw highlights that dry mouth (xerostomia) is a significant issue associated with Suboxone use. This condition decreases saliva production, which is crucial for neutralizing acids and safeguarding teeth against decay. Moreover, Suboxone can change the oral pH, building an environment that promotes bacterial growth and dental erosion.

The connection between Suboxone and dental problems has led to numerous legal cases. The number of Suboxone lawsuit teeth cases increased from 358 to 677, marking an addition of 319 cases in July 2024. 

According to Drugwatch, some users face tens of thousands of dollars in dental costs due to severe oral health issues linked to the medication. Many former addicts, who worked hard to overcome addiction, are now dealing with the distressing side effects of tooth loss. 

D.S., a Suboxone user, shared her struggle with tooth decay and how it has impacted her physical and mental health. She expressed regret over not being aware of these potential side effects and is now considering a lawsuit to cover her escalating dental expenses. This legal action reflects the growing concerns among Suboxone users about the drug’s long-term impact on oral health.

Maintaining a Healthy Smile While on MAT

Methadone Assisted Treatment (MAT) is a crucial tool for recovery, but it can have some side effects that impact oral health.

To counteract these effects, individuals should prioritize good oral hygiene practices. This involves brushing teeth twice daily with fluoride toothpaste, flossing every day, and using mouthwash to alleviate dry mouth. 

Regular dental visits are crucial for identifying and addressing any oral health problems early. Moreover, consulting a healthcare provider about oral health issues can lead to tailored strategies for maintaining dental health.

Opioid addiction is a serious challenge, but medication-assisted treatment offers a powerful solution. By understanding how MAT works, including the benefits of medications like Suboxone, individuals with OUD can make informed decisions about their recovery. 

While recent concerns regarding potential dental side effects of Suboxone warrant attention, consulting a healthcare professional can mitigate these risks. Ultimately, the treatment offers hope for overcoming OUD and reclaiming a healthy and  and productive life.

Disclaimer : This is a third party content and No Digpu News Journalist is involved in its creation.